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The lion (Panthera leo) is a carnivorous mammal of the family of the felids and one of the five species of the genus Panthera. Wild lions live in increasingly dispersed and fragmented populations in sub-Saharan Africa (with the exception of the jungle regions of the Atlantic coast and the Congo Basin) and a small area in northwest India (a critically endangered population in the Park Having disappeared from the rest of South Asia, West Asia, North Africa and the Balkan peninsula in historical times. Until the late Pleistocene, about 10 000 years ago, of the large terrestrial mammals, the lion was the most widespread after humans. Its distribution covered most of Africa, much of Eurasia, from western Europe to India, and in America, from the Yukon River to southern Mexico.3 4 5
If they survive childhood difficulties, lionesses living in a safe habitat, such as Kruger National Park, can often reach the age of 12-14 years, while lions rarely live for more than eight years. 6 However, there are cases of lionesses who have lived up to twenty years in the wild. In captivity, both males and females can live for more than twenty years. They usually live in savannas and grasslands, even though they may enter shrub and wooded areas. Lions are especially social animals compared to other felids. A herd of lions is composed of females who have a family relationship, their offspring and a small number of adult males. Groups of lionesses usually hunt together, attacking mainly large ungulates. The lion is a superpredador and key, although he can have a scavenger behavior if he has the opportunity.
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