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Florence Nightingale, OM, RRC (Florence, May 12, 1820-London, August 13, 1910), was a British nurse, writer, and statistician, considered a forerunner of modern professional nursing and creator of the first conceptual model of nursing. From a very young age, she excelled in mathematics, and she completed her studies and applied her knowledge of statistics to epidemiology and health statistics. She was the first woman to be admitted to the British Royal Statistical Society, and an honorary member of the American Statistical Association.
He laid the foundations for the professionalization of nursing with the establishment, in 1860, of his school of nursing at Saint Thomas Hospital in London, now an integral part of King's College London and the NHS.1 It was the first lay school of nursing in the world.
Her work was the source of inspiration for Henri Dunant, founder of the Red Cross and author of the humanitarian proposals adopted by the Geneva convention.2
Of Anglican faith, she believed that God had inspired her to be a nurse. She achieved world fame for her pioneering nursing work assisting the wounded during the Crimean War. From that moment on she was known as "the lady with the lamp", due to her habit of making nightly rounds with a lamp to attend to her patients.
In 1883, Queen Victoria awarded her the Royal Red Cross, and in 1907 she became the first woman to receive the Order of Merit from the United Kingdom.3 In 1908, she was awarded the Keys to the City of London.4
The Nightingale Oath, taken by nurses upon graduation, was created in her honor in 1893. International Nursing Day is celebrated on her birthday.
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