Respuestas
Respuesta:
1.- Scott spent more time in space than necessary to travel to Mars. It traveled 230 million kilometers in orbit, while the trip to Mars would travel 225 million kilometers and could last even less time than the astronaut has spent on the ISS.
2.- Exercise is vital in space. Without gravity, bone and muscle mass is easily lost. According to Scott, two astronauts have suffered a hip fracture after returning from space. "If you break your hip on Mars you will probably die," he says. To avoid these problems, astronauts should exercise frequently, ideally at least six days a week. For this they have equipment that allows them to run and do weights in a small space.
3.- There are serious health risks associated with space travel. "Houston, we have a problem" is one of the most iconic phrases in the history of space exploration. But there is a serious, invisible risk. Without a protective atmosphere, astronauts are exposed to radiation, which can damage DNA leading to cancer. In addition, this exposure can make a person lose the ability to carry out complex tasks, such as driving a vehicle, and it is feared that a person with a lifespan of 75 years could see it reduced by half due to prolonged exposure to radiation in an environment like the Martian surface.
Attention to number 4:
4.- Human beings could, one day, acquire resistance to radiation. Science allows the manipulation of DNA, and thanks to these technologies the human genome could be designed to resist radiation. There are organisms whose DNA is damaged by radiation, the same as ours, but which repair themselves by avoiding mutation. If the DNA of future astronauts were altered so that it would be repaired as in those organisms, the problems derived from radiation would be avoided.
5.- Gravity is aggressive with the organism when returning to Earth. Without gravity, there is a loss of pressure on the skin, bones, muscles, joints ... Scott Kelly reports that in the first week after his return he suffered hives when his skin contacted things such as the upholstery of the sofa, his feet bothered him walking and his joints ached.
Explicación: