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Charles Robert Darwin (Shrewsbury, February 12, 1809-Down House, April 19, 1882) was an English naturalist, recognized for being the scientist
most influential (and the first, sharing this achievement independently with Alfred Russel Wallace) of those who raised the idea of biological evolution through natural selection, justifying it in his work The Origin of Species (1859) with numerous examples drawn from the observation of nature. He postulated that all species of living things have evolved over time from a common ancestor through a process called natural selection. Evolution was accepted as fact by the scientific community and by much of the public during Darwin's lifetime, while his theory of evolution through natural selection was not considered the primary explanation of the evolutionary process until the 1930s. [¹] Today it forms the basis of modern evolutionary synthesis. With their modifications, Darwin's scientific discoveries still remain the founding act of biology as a science, since they constitute a logical explanation that unifies observations on the diversity of life.