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The Galapagos Islands are an archipelago located in the Pacific Ocean 972 km off the coast of Ecuador. It consists of thirteen major islands with an area greater than 10 square kilometers, six medium islands with an area of 1 sq km to 10 sq km and other 215 islands of small size, plus rocky headlands of a few square meters, distributed around the line of Ecuador land.
The islands were declared a World Heritage Site in 1978 by UNESCO. The archipelago has the largest source of tourism income and receives 200,000 visitors a year. It has also developed eco-tourism in order to preserve the species. The region was home to Lonesome George, the last specimen of Pinta giant tortoise species, extinct on 24 June 2012. The islands are also the habitat of species such as sea turtles, dolphins, sharks, hammerhead sharks, whales, reefs coral, frigate birds, iguanas, lizards, cormorants, albatrosses, sea lions and penguins.
As the landmass of Ecuador, the archipelago is crossed by the equator, mostly in the north of the island Isabela. Galapagos archipelago is the second most volcanically active in the world, surpassed only by Hawaii. Falls into the category of hot spots; the most active volcanoes are Cerro Azul, Sierra Negra, Marchena and La Cumbre volcano on Fernandina Island, which is the most active of the archipelago and one of the busiest in the world.
Galapagos is known for its numerous endemic species and the studies of Charles Darwin that led him to set his theory of evolution by natural selection. They are, touristically, called The Enchanted Islands, naming the archipelago gained in the sixteenth century for its great biodiversity of flora and fauna, inheriting the name for generations.
It is estimated that the formation of the first island took place more than five million years from now, as a result of tectonic activity. The most recent islands, calls Isabela and Fernandina, are still in formation, the most recent volcanic eruption in 2009 has been recorded.
Administratively, Galapagos is a province of Ecuador, consisting of three Cantons which in turn are islands, which are San Cristobal, Santa Cruz and Isabela. On February 12, 1832, under the presidency of Juan Jose Flores, the Galapagos Islands were annexed to Ecuador. From February 18, 1973 are a province of this country.
jessica15101:
muchas gracias marianagarciait por tu atuda =)
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