How many valence electrons would you have to ADD to a Lithium atom in order to fullfill the Octet Rule?
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As important and useful as the octet rule is in chemical bonds, there are some well-known violations. This does not mean that the octet rule is useless, on the contrary. As with many rules, there are exceptions or violations.
There are three violations of the octet rule. Odd electron molecules represent the first violation of the octet rule. Although few, some stable compounds have an odd number of electrons in their valence shells. With an odd number of electrons, at least one atom in the molecule must violate the octet rule. Examples of stable odd electron molecules are NO, NO 2, and ClO 2. The Lewis electron dot diagram for NO is as follows:
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