Child labour Consumers in the West are keen to buy fair-trade products, and are horrified to hear of child workers who (use) in devand the US. Child labour (use) widely in Britain during the Industrial Revolution, when children as young a four' (employ) in factories. Most workers 5 (pay) according to how much they produced, and a child's working day often 6 (last) sixteen hours. In 1833, children under the age of nine 7 (not permit) to work any longer, and in 1870, the Education Act 8 (bring) huge changes. By the late nineteenth century, children's lives 9 (transform) completely - children were studying instead of working, and 10 (see) as children instead of 'little adults'. Today, the highest rates of child labour 11 (find) in some African nations, with 25% of children aged five to fourteen working. The International Labour Organization hopes that the worst forms of child labour 12 (abolish) in 2020.
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Child labor, or the use of children as servants and apprentices, has been practiced throughout most of human history, but reached a zenith during the Industrial Revolution. Miserable working conditions including crowded and unclean factories, a lack of safety codes or legislation and long hours were the norm. Crucially, children could be paid less, were less likely to organize into unions and their small stature enabled them to complete tasks in factories or mines that would be challenging for adults. Working children were unable to attend school—creating a cycle of poverty that was difficult to break. Nineteenth century reformers and labor organizers sought to restrict child labor and improve working conditions to uplift the masses, but it took the Great Depression—a time when Americans were desperate for employment—to shake long-held practices of child labor in the United States.
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