• Asignatura: Inglés
  • Autor: artucas
  • hace 7 años

Por favor una transcripción fonética( como sonaria este texto en inglés de forma escrita) ejemplo like=layk The pre-Columbian peoples were those who lived in America before the arrival of the Spanish. Many of those towns were only small tribes, but some were great empires, like the Incas, the Aztecs and the Mayans. The current territory of Peru, Ecuador and part of Bolivia was occupied by the Incas; the Aztecs populated the entire valley of Mexico; and the Mayan empire covered the south of present-day Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras. These towns cultivated corn and practiced crafts and metallurgy. Some, like the Mayans, were mathematical experts and had extensive knowledge of astronomy and science. The Mayans: They were the oldest pre-Columbian culture. They organized in independent cities, led by a military and political leader who had all the power. Mayan society was made up of the nobility: made up of civil and religious leaders who lived in large stone palaces, and a large group of peasants and artisans subject to the nobility, who had the obligation to pay taxes and work for it during a specific time of year. There were also slaves, who were generally prisoners of war. The Aztecs: Aztec society was made up of three social classes: an upper class made up of nobles and priests, a second class made up of the people and, on the last social rung, were slaves. They lived in tribes, each led by a military chief. They received cultural influence from other peoples, especially from Toltecs and Mayans. In architecture, its stepped pyramids stand out on large platforms with stairways. In sculpture they created the mosaic-sculpture whose best representation is the green mosaic snake. Another famous sculpture is the sun stone or Aztec calendar. They excelled, also in the painting of codices or sacred books. They believed in several gods. The Incas: The basic social unit was the clan, which was a group of 200 to 300 people united by kinship ties and living in the same territory. The upper class was made up of the family of the Inca (the monarch) and the priests who were concerned with religious worship. There was also an intermediate class between the privileged and the people, made up of the local chiefs, the "curacas". The lower class was made up of farmers and artisans. A special group were the "yaconas" (slaves who carried out the heaviest jobs) and the "mitimaes" (colonies of Indians who kept all the Indians subject). At the top of the social pyramid was the "Inca". They excelled in engineering and architecture. They believed in several gods.

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