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North Korea to distinguish it from South Korea, 10 is a sovereign country of East Asia. Its capital is the city of Pionyang.
It occupies the northern portion of the Korean peninsula, located east of the People's Republic of China, between the Sea of Japan and the Yellow Sea. It borders to the north with China, to the northeast with Russia, to the east with the Sea of Japan, to the south with South Korea and to the west with the Bay of Korea.
The peninsula was ruled by the Korean Empire until it was conquered and colonized by Japan after the Russo-Japanese war of 1905. In 1945 - just after World War II - the peninsula was divided into two zones, the north occupied by the Soviet Union and the southern part occupied by the United States. In 1948, North Korea refused to participate in the elections held under the United Nations, finally creating two independent governments in each of the occupied areas. Both states claimed the entire peninsula as their own territory, which would lead them to the Korean war in 1950, which ended with the signing of an armistice in 1953; officially, the two countries are still at war, as a peace treaty has not yet been signed.11
The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is constitutionally defined as a self-sufficient socialist state12 and has formal elections every five years. In other parts of the world it is considered a totalitarian dictatorship 13 14 15 16
Over time, North Korea has gradually distanced itself from the world communist movement. Juche, an ideology of national self-sufficiency, was introduced into the Constitution as a "creative application of Marxism-Leninism" 17 in 1972.18 19 The means of production are owned by the State through state enterprises and collectivized farms. Most services such as health, education, housing and food production are subsidized or financed by the State.20
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