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Ernesto "Che" Guevara was born in Rosario (Argentina) on May 14, 1928. He was the son of Ernesto Guevara Lynch and Celia de la Serna. He studied elementary school in Alta Gracia (near Córdoba) and the secondary school in Córdoba. Here he acquired a fondness for philosophy and chess.
From 1947 he studied Medicine at the University of Buenos Aires. In 1950 he traveled on a bicycle with a motor from the northwest of Argentina. In 1952, together Alberto Granado toured Chile, Peru, Colombia and Venezuela. When passing through Lima he met the communist doctor Hugo Pesce, who influenced his life remarkably. In 1953, he started another trip and went through Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador and all Central America to settle in Guatemala. These trips made "Che" reflect on the economic and social injustices of Latin America.
In 1954, in Guatemala, he met a group of Cuban exiles who had fought against the dictator Fulgencio Batista. In 1955, in Mexico, he met Cuban leader Fidel Castro and joined his movement to overthrow Batista. At the end of 1956, the group arrived in Cuba and began the guerrilla war that succeeded in expelling Batista from power in December 1958.
Already during the Cuban Revolution, the "Che" directed the Department of Industrialization of the Institute of Agrarian Reform, was Minister of Industry and became president of the National Bank. He also led many diplomatic missions and signed trade and military agreements. When he was in Cuba, he promoted the Agrarian Reform, the nationalization of companies, the industrialization, the voluntary work and the training of Latin American guerrillas.
In 1965, he spent nine months helping the Congolese socialist guerrillas. In 1966, he initiated a guerrilla outbreak in Bolivia. Along with half a hundred guerrillas he settled in the mountains of Ñancahuazú, but his group was detected and annihilated by the Bolivian army (with the help of the US). Ernesto "Che" Guevara was wounded and imprisoned on October 8, 1967. The next day he was shot dead in La Higuera, Valle Grande, Bolivia.
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EN ESPAÑOL
Ernesto Guevara (Rosario, 14 de junio de 19281-La Higuera, 9 de octubre de 1967), conocido como Che Guevara, fue médico, político, guerrillero, escritor, periodista y revolucionario argentino. Fue uno de los ideólogos y comandantes de la Revolución cubana. Guevara participó desde el alzamiento armado y hasta 1965 en la organización del Estado cubano. Desempeñó varios altos cargos de su administración y de su Gobierno, sobre todo en el área económica, fue presidente del Banco Nacional, director del Departamento de Industrialización del Instituto Nacional de Reforma Agraria (INRA) y ministro de Industria. En el área diplomática, actuó como responsable de varias misiones internacionales.
Convencido de la necesidad de extender la lucha armada en todo el Tercer Mundo, el Che Guevara impulsó la instalación de focos guerrilleros en varios países de América Latina. Entre 1965 y 1967, él mismo combatió en el Congo y en Bolivia. En este último país fue capturado y ejecutado de manera clandestina y sumaria por el Ejército de Bolivia en colaboración con la CIA el 9 de octubre de 1967.
Su figura, como símbolo de relevancia mundial, despierta grandes pasiones en la opinión pública tanto a favor como en contra. Para muchos de sus partidarios representa la lucha contra las injusticias sociales, mientras que sus detractores lo juzgan negativamente.
Su retrato fotográfico, obra de Alberto Korda, es una de las imágenes más reproducidas del mundo tanto en su original como en variantes que reproducen el contorno de su rostro, para uso simbólico.
EN INGLÉS
Ernesto Guevara (Rosario, June 14, 1928 - La Higuera, October 9, 1967), known as Che Guevara, was a doctor, politician, guerrilla, writer, journalist and Argentine revolutionary. He was one of the ideologists and commanders of the Cuban Revolution. Guevara participated from the armed uprising and until 1965 in the organization of the Cuban State. He held several senior positions in his administration and government, especially in the economic area, was president of the National Bank, director of the Department of Industrialization of the National Institute of Agrarian Reform (INRA) and Minister of Industry. In the diplomatic area, he acted as head of several international missions.
Convinced of the need to extend the armed struggle throughout the Third World, Che Guevara promoted the installation of guerrilla foci in several countries of Latin America. Between 1965 and 1967, he fought in the Congo and Bolivia. In this last country he was captured and executed clandestinely and summarily by the Bolivian Army in collaboration with the CIA on October 9, 1967.
His figure, as a symbol of global relevance, awakens great passions in public opinion both for and against. For many of his supporters he represents the fight against social injustices, while his detractors judge him negatively.
His photographic portrait, the work of Alberto Korda, is one of the most reproduced images in the world both in its original and in variants that reproduce the outline of his face, for symbolic use.